Man is forever changing
the face of nature. He has been doing so since he first appeared on the earth.
Yet, all that man has done is not always to the ultimate advantage of the earth
or himself. Man has, in fact, destroyed more than necessary.
In his struggle to live
and extract the most out of life, man has destroyed many species of wildlife;
directly by sheer physical destruction, and indirectly by the destruction or
alteration of habitats. Some species may be able to withstand disruptions to
their habitat while others may not be able to cope.
Take the simple act of
farming. When a farmer tills a rough ground, he makes it unsuitable
for the survival of certain species. Every change in land use brings about a
change in the types of plant and animals found on that land.
When man builds a new
town, this means the total destruction of vast areas of farmland or woodland.
Here, you have the complete destruction of entire habitats and it is
inevitable.
It follows therefore,
that every form of human activity unavoidably upsets or changes the wildlife
complex of the area. Man has destroyed many forms of wildlife for no reasonable
purpose. They have also made many great blunders in land use, habitat
destruction and the extermination of many forms of wildlife.
Man's attitude towards
animals depends on the degree to which his own survival is affected. He sets
aside protection for animals that he hunts for sport and wages a war on any
other creature that may pose a danger or inconvenience to him. This creates
many problems and man has made irreversible, serious errors in his destruction
of predators. He has destroyed animals and birds which are useful to farmers as
pest controllers. The tragedy that emerges is that all the killing of predators
did not in any way increase the number of game birds.
Broadly speaking, man
wages war against the creatures which he considers harmful, even when his
warfare makes little or no difference to the numbers of those he encourages.
There is a delicate predator and prey equilibriuminvolving also the vegetation
of any area, which man can upset by thoughtless intervention.
Therefore, there is a
need for the implementation of checks and balances. The continued
existence of these animals depends entirely on man and his attitude towards his
own future.
Summary: Man, in his pursuit of
development has done more harm than good. By destroying the habitat of wildlife
directly or indirectly, many species of wildlife are lost forever. Certain
species are able to withstand the changes to the land while others simply vanish.
Every form of human activity will affect the habitat of the wildlife. The only
preservation done by man is for animals that they consider useful to man. Their
predators are systematically destroyed. Yet this has in no way increased the
number of the protected animals. By intervening, Man has created an imbalance
in the cycle. Therefore, there is a need to keep a balance between development
and preservation because man's future depends very much on this equilibrium.
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