Communication is part
of our everyday life. We greet one another, smile or frown, depending on our
moods. Animals too, communicate, much to our surprise. Just like us,
interaction among animals can be both verbal or non-verbal.
Singing is one way in
which animals can interact with one another. Male blackbirds often use their
melodious songs to catch the attention of the females. These songs are usually
rich in notes variation, encoding various kinds of messages. Songs are also
used to warn and keep off other blackbirds from their territory, usually a
place where they dwell and reproduce.
Large mammals in the
oceans sing too, according to adventurous sailors. Enormous whales groan and
grunt while smaller dolphins and porpoises produce pings, whistles and clicks.
These sounds are surprisingly received by other mates as far as several hundred
kilometers away.
Besides singing, body
language also forms a large part of animals' communication tactics. Dominant
hyenas exhibit their power by raising the fur hackles on their necks and
shoulders, while the submissive ones normally "surrender" to the
powerful parties by crouching their heads low and curling their lips a little,
revealing their teeth in friendly smiles.
Colors, which are most conspicuously found
on animals are also important means of interaction among animals. Male birds of
paradise, which have the most gaudy colored feathers often hang
themselves upside down from branches, among fluffing plumes, displaying proudly
their feathers, attracting the opposite sex.
The alternating black
and white striped coats of zebras have their roles to play too. Each zebra is
born with a unique set of stripes which enables its mates to recognize them.
When grazing safely, their stripes are all lined up neatly so that none of them
loses track of their friends. However, when danger such as a hungry lion
approaches, the zebras would dart out in various directions, making it
difficult for the lion to choose his target.
Insects such as the
wasps, armed with poisonous bites or stings, normally have brightly painted
bodies to remind other predators of their power. Hoverflies and other harmless
insects also make use of this fact and colored their bodies brightly in
attempts to fool their predators into thinking that they are as dangerous and
harmful as the wasps too.
Summary: Animals make use of
various kinds of communicative methods. Male blackbirds sing to attract female
ones and also to keep other blackbirds off their dwellings. Mammals in the
oceans like whales, 'sing' to interact with their mates far away too.
Dominating hyenas raise their fur hackles in attempts to exhibit power while
submissive ones crouch their heads and 'smile' to express respects. Birds of
paradise attract female partners by displaying their colorful feathers while
the stripes of zebras not only enable them to recognize each other, but also
divert the predator's attention in times of danger. Finally, dangerous wasps
are brightly colored to warn off others while some harmless ones try to fool
their predators by using the same principle.
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